“Enviar a los arqueros”: el rol central de la arquería en el pensamiento militar cananeo-levantino

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53351/ruhm.v9i19.689

Keywords:

correspondencia de El-Amarna , arqueros , Canaán , Egipto, carros

Abstract

Este artículo analiza la importancia y dependencia de los arqueros que tuvieron los gobernantes de la región de Canaán y Levante durante el periodo amarniense, defendiendo que la correspondencia de El-Amarna perteneciente a estos reyes revela que dicha relevancia fue un rasgo único, especialmente en este período, sin paragón incluso con Egipto. Sin ir más lejos, en las cartas de El-Amarna podemos encontrar reproducido hasta 84 veces el título de este artículo, “enviar los arqueros”, o alguna fórmula similar. Así, este trabajo evidencia hasta qué punto se trataba de un número excepcionalmente alto de peticiones que excedía con mucho las referidas a cualquier otro tipo de asistencia militar, incluyendo infantería o carros, que eran mínimas y a menudo estaban condicionadas a la llegada de los arqueros. Para ello se examinan varias de las cartas representativas de El-Amarna, tanto de la correspondencia internacional de los reyes de fuera de Canaán y Levante como de los pertenecientes a la región, las cuales permiten subrayar el contraste existente entre la percepción de los reyes cananeos, los egipcios y otros extranjeros sobre el uso de los arqueros. Este análisis toma en consideración ambas partes de la correspondencia, al tiempo que aborda sucintamente la importancia que los carros tuvieron en el pensamiento militar del Imperio Nuevo y cómo eclipsaron otros tipos de armamento. De este modo, el trabajo se centra en estudiar anales y representaciones iconográficas y ortostáticas de las campañas militares egipcias para demostrar que la importancia de los carros en la mentalidad militar egipcia no era compartida por los gobernantes de Canaán y Levante. En este sentido, los reyes cananeos buscaron la protección de los arqueros de los faraones Amenofis III y Amenofis IV (también conocido como Akenatón), para lo cual solicitaron regularmente su apoyo para acabar con una invasión o insurrección de los Apiru. Estas solicitudes estuvieron ampliamente orientadas tanto en el lenguaje como en su construcción hacia un énfasis en los arqueros, en contraposición a los carros o la infantería.

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Published

2020-12-14

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 19 (2020): Fear, Trauma, and Violence in the Wars of Antiquity

Section

Estudios

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How to Cite

“Enviar a los arqueros”: el rol central de la arquería en el pensamiento militar cananeo-levantino. (2020). Revista Universitaria De Historia Militar, 9(19), 122-145. https://doi.org/10.53351/ruhm.v9i19.689